Radon in Himalayan springs: a geohydrological control   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

V. M. Choubey  S. K. Bartarya  R. C. Ramola 《Environmental Geology》2000,39(6):523-530

 This paper presents the results of radon measurements in springs of the Himalayan region by using radon emanometry technique. The radon was measured in different springs, draining from different geohydrological setups, and from stream water in order to find the geohydrological control over radon concentration in groundwater emanating in the form of spring. The radon values were found to vary from 0.4 Bq/l to 887 Bq/l, being observed lowest for a turbulent stream and highest for the spring. The radon values were recorded highest in the springs draining through gneiss, granite, mylonite, etc. Radon concentrations have been related with four spring types viz. fracture-joint related spring, fault-lineament related spring, fluvial related spring and colluvial related spring, showing geohydrological characteristics of the rocks through which they are emanating. The high radon concentration in fracture-joint and fault-lineament spring is related to increased ratio of rock surface area to water volume and uranium mineralisation in the shear zones present in the close vicinity of fault and thrust. The low concentration of radon in fluvial and colluvial springs is possibly because of high transmissivity and turbulent flow within such deposits leading to natural de-emanation of gases. Received: 6 January 1998 · Accepted 11 May 1999  相似文献   

不同施氮量对沙地春小麦株穗性状及产量的影响     

崔建垣  张铜会 《中国沙漠》1999,19(Z1):96-98

在内蒙古奈曼旗对沙地春小麦进行了氮肥施量试验。结果表明,不同施氮量(尿素15.0~51.5g·m^-2)对沙地春小麦穗粒数、千粒重、有效小穗数及其百分率、籽粒产量、生物产量的影响具有显著差异,但对成穗数、株高的影响差异不明显。产量水平以施氮量为37.5g·m^-2时最高。  相似文献   

Not just an arid landscape problem: Springflow declines in a region with high rainfall     

《Limnologica》2020

Competition between human use and spring-dependent systems puts these systems in jeopardy. This study analyzed whether Florida springs have experienced reductions in springflow over the last century using time series data from state and federal agencies. Of 57 springs, 26 exhibited negative trends in springflow; these declines were correlated with population growth, with groundwater withdrawals, and to a lesser extent with rainfall. Even in a region with abundant rainfall, population growth has impacted spring integrity.  相似文献   

春季禁渔期间长江下游鱼虾蟹类物种多样性变动(2001-2004年)   总被引：19，自引：3，他引：16  

施炜纲  刘凯  张敏莹  徐东坡 《湖泊科学》2005,17(2):169-175

长江春禁期4-6月间,下游江段渔获中出现鱼、虾、蟹共12目、30科、81种.安徽、江苏江段年间物种多样性指数明显上升并趋于稳定,其中Shannon—Wiener(H’与H”)在1.593—2.563范围内呈上升并趋于稳定、Margalef在0.866—2.755范围内呈明显上升、Pielou、Simpson和McNaughton指数在窄幅波动中趋于稳定,波动范围分别为0.717—0.827;0.120—0.269;0.365—0.616.河口区多样性指数正处于波动中,Simpson和McNaughton指数分别从0.195升至0.315;从0.534升至0.758,并有继续上升的趋势.各江段年间捕捞证发放数与ShannonH’的回归分析表明两者呈负相关线型关系.  相似文献   

Karst flash flooding in a Mediterranean karst, the example of Fontaine de Nîmes     

J.C. Marchal  B. Ladouche  N. Drfliger 《Engineering Geology》2008,99(3-4):138

Karst flash flooding, identified as one of the hazards in karst terrains, is directly linked to the structure and hydraulic properties of karst aquifers. Due to the characteristics of flow within karst aquifers, characterized by a dual flow – diffuse flow within fissured limestone and conduit flow within karst conduits networks – flash flooding may be important in volume and dynamics. Such phenomenon may cause serious damages including loss of lives, as it occurred on 3rd October 1988 in Nîmes (Gard, South France). Flash floods there have been considered to be the result of very intensive rainfall events conjugated to runoff due to the geomorphologic context of the city located down hill. However, preliminary results of recent studies of the hydrologic behaviour of groundwater and surface water for a specific event (September 2005) show that the karst plays an important role in the flood genesis. The main characteristics of the Nîmes karst system leading to karst flash flooding are presented in this paper. A methodology comprising modelling of the karst system allowed proposing simple warning thresholds for various part of the karst (water level threshold for the karst conduits and cumulative rainfall threshold for the overflowing fissured karst). These thresholds can be included in the flash flood warning system of the Nîmes city.  相似文献   

Source parameters of March 10 and September 13, 2007, United Arab Emirates earthquakes     

Y. Al Marzooqi  K.M. Abou Elenean  A.S. Megahed  I. El-Hussain  A.J. Rodgers  E. Al Khatibi   《Tectonophysics》2008,460(1-4):237-247

On March 10 and September 13, 2007 two earthquakes with moment magnitudes 3.66 and 3.94, respectively, occurred in the eastern part of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The two events were widely felt in the northern Emirates and Oman and were accompanied by a few aftershocks. Ground motions from these events were well recorded by the broadband stations of Dubai (UAE) and Oman seismological networks and provide an excellent opportunity to study the tectonic process and present day stress field acting in this area. In this study, we report the focal mechanisms of the two main shocks by two methods: first motion polarities and regional waveform moment tensor inversion. Our results indicate nearly pure normal faulting mechanisms with a slight strike slip component. We associated the fault plane trending NNE–SSW with a suggested fault along the extension of the faults bounded Bani Hamid area. The seismicity distribution between two earthquake sequences reveals a noticeable gap that may be a site of a future event. The source parameters (seismic moment, moment magnitude, fault radius, stress drop and displacement across the fault) were also estimated from displacement spectra. The moment magnitudes were very consistent with waveform inversion. The recent deployment of seismic networks in Dubai and Oman reveals tectonic activity in the northern Oman Mountains that was previously unknown. Continued observation and analysis will allow for characterization of seismicity and assessment of seismic hazard in the region.  相似文献   

中国春运人口省际流动的时空与结构特征   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

赵梓渝  魏冶  庞瑞秋  杨冉  王士君 《地理科学进展》2017,36(8):952-964

本文通过构建人口省际流动的关系矩阵,透视2015年中国春节期间人口省际流动的动态过程、网络特征,并对各省人口流入、流出的规模差异进行测度。研究结论如下：①春节前后中国各省每日人口净流入人次存在显著的规律性特征,2月13-17日和2月25日-3月1日为各省节前返乡流和节后返工流期间人口净流入、流出峰值时段,可作为基于春运研究中国人口省际流动的重要依据;②识别了14个人口净流入省、17个人口净流出省,净流入位序前六省和后八省分别吸纳和提供了全国9成人口的集聚与扩散。人口主要流入省的沿海绵延和主要流出省的中部“人口塌陷”共同构成了双纵格局;③各省流出首位流的指向特征显著,南方人口流出省的流出指向存在共性,京津、长三角、珠三角地区的人口集聚路径存在差异。④移动数据为发掘人口流动过程中蕴含的丰富信息提供了平台,基于节后、节前净流入值差值的方法可以有效识别中国人口流动的规模差异、属性特征。通过与以往研究对比,证实了移动数据与基于人口普查数据研究的诸多结论相似性。  相似文献   

春季川渝地区气温与500 hPa高度场的奇异值分解   总被引：5，自引：6，他引：5  

李跃清  李崇银 《高原气象》2001,20(2):165-172

应用奇异值分解(SVD)技术研究了北半球500hPa高度场与春季川渝地区气温场的关系。结果表明前期10月和同期春季500hPa高度场与川渝地区气温场具有密切的同步及非同步时空相关,其第一模态代表了两场间的主要耦合特征;当前期10月(150°～180°E,60°～70°N)范围500hPa高度场降低(升高),同期春季青藏高原、川渝地区到我国东部500hPa高度场升高(降低),相应川渝地区春季气温升高(降低);大气环流的异常演变,通过影响区域天气气候,是造成川渝地区春季冷暖异常及气候变冷的重要原因之一;而前期10月500hPa高度场变化可作为川渝地区春季气温变化的一种预测信号。  相似文献   

Critical remarks on the use of medieval eclipse records for the determination of long-term changes in the Earth's rotation     

W. Dalmau 《Surveys in Geophysics》1997,18(2-3):213-223

The use of some Arabic medieval solar and lunar eclipse records for the determination of secular changes in the Earth's rotation is critically reviewed. The published results derived from these data suggest a non-uniform decrease in the Earth's rotation rate over the last 27 cy. There is, however, up to this day no sound physical explanation for the deduced non-tidal oscillations, with an apparent period of about 1500 yr and a semi-amplitude of some 4 ms in the l.o.d., which overlayed to a constant secular tidal change in the Earth's rotation rate produce a net non-uniform deceleration of the Earth's rotation. In this paper we discuss a set of observations, which were executed by professional Arabic astronomers. We show by our analysis the way in which the non-uniform deceleration of the Earth's rotation was constructed. A correct reading of the Arabic medieval observations shows that they do not contradict a secular constant decrease in the Earth's rotation rate of nearly -4.6 10-22 rad s-2. This value is in accordance with other similar ones derived from ancient eclipse records and from satellite tracking data.  相似文献   

春季欧亚-北太平洋上空大气质量迁移规律及其对中国同期气候异常的可能影响     

奚子惠  管兆勇  张茜  陈丹萍 《大气科学》2016,40(6):1261-1272

利用1979～2013年NCEP/NCAR月平均再分析资料及NOAA研究中心的CMAP（CPC Merged Analysis of Precipitation）月平均降水资料,通过定义欧亚—北太平洋间大气质量迁移指数I_MAMEP,分析了春季欧亚—北太平洋上空大气质量迁移（MAMEP,Migration of Atmospheric Mass over Regions between Eurasia and North Pacific）的年际变化规律及其与同期中国气候异常的联系。结果表明:在北半球中高纬度存在一个纬向分布的欧亚—北太平洋遥相关型,且其可能对中国同期气候异常的形成具有重要影响。春季MAMEP指数具有显著的长期趋势,同时还具有2～4年及5～7年的振荡周期及明显的年代际变化特征。垂直环流和波动运动对欧亚—北太平洋间大气质量迁移具有重要作用。大气质量在欧亚西部低层异常辐合,高层异常辐散,在中、西太平洋地区低层异常辐散,高层异常辐合,在纬向上构成了顺时针的垂直环流圈,将西北太平洋地区的大气质量变动与欧亚大陆上空的变动联系了起来。另外,来自西欧大陆的波扰能量可传播至北太平洋,有利于这些区域上空位势高度异常扰动的维持。I_MAMEP与春季同期降水及地表气温异常关系密切。I_MAMEP为正时,东亚以北地区、鄂霍次克海西岸以及西欧沿岸降水显著减少,欧亚西部及我国华北地区降水显著增加。850 hPa上西伯利亚受反气旋式环流控制,太平洋上空受气旋式环流控制,引起欧亚大陆北部地表显著增温,西伯利亚以东、我国东北、华北—江淮地区及韩国、日本南部地表显著降温。西欧—我国西北部分地区大面积显著降温现象与这两个地区受异常反气旋东侧的偏北气流影响有关。这些结果有利于人们更深刻认识区域春季气候异常形成机理。  相似文献